Musculoskeletal Surgical Oncology

Embark on a journey through the intricate landscape of musculoskeletal surgical oncology, where skilled surgeons address the challenges posed by various types and stages of musculoskeletal cancers with precision and expertise. From the complexity of bone sarcomas to the nuances of soft tissue tumors, each condition presents its unique challenges to be addressed with care.

• Bone Sarcomas: Affect the bones, with treatment options including surgery (limb-salvage surgery or amputation), chemotherapy, radiation therapy (external beam or brachytherapy), targeted therapy (such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors), and sometimes immunotherapy or bone marrow transplantation, depending on the tumor's histology, location, and extent of metastasis.
• Soft Tissue Sarcomas: Affect the soft tissues, with treatment options including surgery (wide local excision or radical resection), chemotherapy, radiation therapy (often combined with surgery), targeted therapy (such as mTOR inhibitors or PD-1 inhibitors), and sometimes immunotherapy or hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC), depending on the tumor's histology, location, and involvement of adjacent structures.
• Metastatic Bone Disease: Affects the bones secondary to cancers originating elsewhere in the body, with treatment options including surgery (internal fixation, tumor resection, or stabilization procedures), radiation therapy (to relieve pain or prevent fractures), systemic therapy (chemotherapy, hormone therapy, or targeted therapy), and sometimes minimally invasive procedures (such as radiofrequency ablation or vertebroplasty), depending on the tumor's location, size, and symptoms.
• Benign Bone Tumors: Affect the bones but are non-cancerous, with treatment options including surgery (curettage or excision), observation (for asymptomatic lesions or low-grade tumors), radiation therapy (for unresectable or recurrent lesions), and sometimes adjuvant therapy (such as denosumab or bisphosphonates), depending on the tumor's size, location, and risk of recurrence.
• Soft Tissue Tumors: Affect the soft tissues, with treatment options including surgery (wide local excision or radical resection), chemotherapy (for high-grade or metastatic tumors), radiation therapy (often combined with surgery), targeted therapy (such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors or PD-1 inhibitors), and sometimes immunotherapy or regional perfusion techniques, depending on the tumor's histology, location, and involvement of adjacent structures.